About Indian Politics-General Knowledge Questions and Answers-Indian politics - A chronology of key events
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Friends, India has been home to several ancient civilizations and empires, some dating back to more than 2,000 BC. Culture and religions have flourished over the millennia and foreign influence has ebbed and flowed.
1858 - India comes under direct rule of the
British crown after failed Indian mutiny.
1885 - Indian National Congress founded as
forum for emerging nationalist feeling.
Mahatma Gandhi: (1869 - 1948)
Mahatma Gandhi steered
India to independence
1920-22 - Nationalist figurehead Mahatma Gandhi launches anti-British civil disobedience campaign.
1942-43 - Congress launches "Quit
India" movement.
1947 - End of British rule and partition of
sub-continent into mainly Hindu India and Muslim-majority state of Pakistan.
Newly independent
1947-48 - Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal bloodshed after partition.
1948 - Mahatma Gandhi
assassinated by Hindu extremist.
1948 - War with Pakistan over disputed territory
of Kashmir.
1951-52 - Congress Party wins first general
elections under leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru.
Regional tensions
1962 - India loses brief border war with
China.
1964 - Death of Prime Minister Jawaharlal
Nehru.
1965 - Second war with Pakistan over
Kashmir.
1966 - Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi
becomes Prime Minister.
1971 - Third war with Pakistan over
creation of Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan.
1971 - Twenty-year treaty of friendship
signed with Soviet Union.
1974 - India explodes first nuclear device
in underground test.
Democratic strains
1975 - Indira Gandhi declares state of emergency after being found guilty of electoral malpractice.
1975-1977 - Nearly 1,000 political opponents
imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control introduced.
1977 - Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses
general elections.
1980 - Indira Gandhi returns to power
heading Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira).
1984 - Troops storm Golden Temple - Sikhs'
most holy shrine - to flush out Sikh militants pressing for self-rule.
Indira Gandhi
1984 - Indira Gandhi assassinated by Sikh
bodyguards, following which her son, Rajiv, takes over.
1984 December - Gas leak at Union Carbide
pesticides plant in Bhopal. Thousands are killed immediately; many more
subsequently die or are left disabled.
1987 - India deploys troops for
peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka's ethnic conflict.
1989 - Falling public support leads to
Congress defeat in general election.
1990 - Indian troops withdrawn from Sri
Lanka.
1990 - Muslim separatist groups begin
campaign of violence in Kashmir.
1991 - Rajiv Gandhi assassinated by suicide
bomber sympathetic to Sri Lanka's Tamil Tigers.
1991 - Economic reform programme begun by
Prime Minister PV Narasimha Rao.
1992 - Hindu extremists demolished mosque
in Ayodhya, triggering widespread Hindu-Muslim violence.
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